Glucose Syrup: Uses, Downsides, and More (2024)

You may have seen glucose syrup on the ingredient list for numerous packaged foods.

Naturally, you may wonder what this syrup is, what it’s made from, whether it’s healthy, and how it compares to other products.

This article explains everything you need to know about glucose syrup.

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Glucose syrup is a substance primarily used in commercial food production as a sweetener, thickener, and moisture-retaining agent.

As it doesn’t crystallize, it’s often utilized to make candy, beer, fondant, and certain canned and premade baked goods.

Glucose syrup is distinct from glucose, which is a simple carb and your body and brain’s preferred source of energy (1, 2).

Instead, the syrup is made by breaking down glucose molecules in starchy foods through hydrolysis. This chemical reaction yields a concentrated, sweet product with a high glucose content (3).

Although corn is the most common source, potatoes, barley, cassava, and wheat can also be used. Glucose syrup is produced as a thick liquid or in solid granules (4, 5).

The dextrose equivalent (DE) of these syrups signifies their level of hydrolysis. Those with a higher DE harbor more sugar and are therefore sweeter (6).

Main types

The two basic types of glucose syrup, which differ in their carb profile and taste, are (7):

  • Confectioner’s syrup. Processed via acid hydrolysis and continuous converting, this type of glucose syrup is typically comprised of 19% glucose, 14% maltose, 11% maltotriose, and 56% other carbs.
  • High-maltose glucose syrup. Made with an enzyme called amylase, this type packs 50–70% maltose. It’s not as sweet as table sugar and does a better job of keeping foods dry.

Glucose syrup vs. corn syrup

Like many glucose syrups, corn syrup is made by breaking down cornstarch. While corn syrup can accurately be called glucose syrup, not all glucose syrups are corn syrup — because they can be derived from other plant sources.

Nutritionally, glucose and corn syrups are similar and offer very few health benefits. Neither contains a significant amount of vitamins or minerals (8).

They can be used interchangeably in many recipes, including baked goods, candy, frozen desserts, and glazes.

Summary

Glucose syrup is a commercial sweetener used in products like baked goods and candy. It’s often derived from corn or other starchy foods and has little nutritional value.

Glucose syrup helps preserve and increase the sweetness of commercial foods, which may boost their appeal. It’s also very cheap to produce.

However, it doesn’t offer any health benefits.

This syrup doesn’t contain fat or protein but is instead a concentrated source of sugar and calories. One tablespoon (15 ml) is loaded with 62 calories and 17 grams of carbs — nearly 4 times more than the amounts found in table sugar (8, 9).

Consuming glucose syrup regularly may increase your risk of obesity, high blood sugar, poor dental health, high blood pressure, and heart disease (10, 11).

Summary

Glucose syrup is a concentrated source of sugar and calories that’s primarily used to improve consumer satisfaction. It may increase your risk of various health conditions.

Since eating glucose syrup regularly may harm your health, it’s probably something you want to avoid.

Here are some tips for keeping glucose syrup out of your diet:

  • Avoid processed foods and drinks. Glucose syrup is often lurking in sodas, juices, and sports drinks, as well as candy, canned fruits, breads, and packaged snack foods. It’s best to buy whole foods as much as possible.
  • Check ingredient lists on packaged products. Glucose syrup may be listed as glucose or other names. While you’re reading the label, watch out for other unhealthy sweeteners, such as high fructose corn syrup.
  • Look for foods that contain healthier sweeteners. Some packaged foods use molasses, stevia, xylitol, yacon, or syrup instead of glucose syrup. These sweeteners don’t appear to be harmful in moderate amounts (12, 13, 14).
Summary

Glucose syrup isn’t a healthy ingredient and should be avoided as much as possible. You can minimize your intake by reading ingredient labels and buying whole foods as much as possible.

Glucose syrup is a liquid sweetener often used in commercial foods to improve taste and shelf life.

However, eating this syrup regularly is unhealthy, as it’s highly processed and loaded with calories and sugar. As such, it’s best to avoid this ingredient.

Instead, look for foods that contain healthier sweeteners.

Glucose Syrup: Uses, Downsides, and More (2024)

FAQs

Glucose Syrup: Uses, Downsides, and More? ›

Glucose syrup is a liquid sweetener often used in commercial foods to improve taste and shelf life. However, eating this syrup regularly is unhealthy, as it's highly processed and loaded with calories and sugar. As such, it's best to avoid this ingredient. Instead, look for foods that contain healthier sweeteners.

Why is glucose fructose syrup bad for you? ›

Added sugars and high fructose corn syrup are considered primary causes of the overweighting of America. Weight gain abetted by high-calorie foods containing HFCS can also contribute to heart disease, diabetes, fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia, an abnormal level of cholesterol and other fats in the blood.

What are the side effects of glucose? ›

Side Effects
  • Cough.
  • difficulty with swallowing.
  • fast heartbeat.
  • hives, itching, or skin rash.
  • puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue.
  • unusual tiredness or weakness.
Feb 1, 2024

Why is glucose not good for you? ›

Glucose is the simplest type of carb. When you consume it, it turns into blood glucose, which your body uses as energy. However, some people experience high blood glucose levels, which may cause diabetes.

Which is worse glucose syrup or high fructose corn syrup? ›

A study found no differences in the consumption of fructose versus high-fructose corn syrup versus glucose. Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been associated with increased risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.

Is glucose fructose syrup worse than sugar? ›

The difference is very small and not particularly relevant from a health perspective. Of course, if you compared regular table sugar and HFCS 90, which has 90% fructose, regular sugar would be far more desirable, as excessive consumption of fructose can be very harmful.

Is glucose syrup bad for vitamins? ›

-Check the ingredients: Sucrose and glucose are essentially sugar, and acid can destroy the outer layer of our tooth. Both of these can promote dental cavities. -If you are selecting a vitamin, consider selecting one that dissolves in the mouth or that can be chewed, but is not sticky.

Is glucose syrup worse than sugar? ›

One tablespoon (15 ml) is loaded with 62 calories and 17 grams of carbs — nearly 4 times more than the amounts found in table sugar ( 8 , 9 ). Consuming glucose syrup regularly may increase your risk of obesity, high blood sugar, poor dental health, high blood pressure, and heart disease ( 10 , 11 ).

Is glucose absorbed in the mouth? ›

As glucose molecules will absorb directly through oral tissue, the gel is either swallowed directly or allowed to stay in the mouth momentarily to facilitate rapid absorption via various areas of the mouth cavity and then swallowed to allow absorption into the blood via the small intestine.

Why did soldiers take dextrose? ›

Taking fluids during exercise reduced the strain and the rating of perceived exertion; this was better achieved by ingesting a dextrose/electrolytes solution.

What is the healthiest alternative to sugar? ›

Stevia and monk fruit are both naturally derived from plants and some people feel they have a flavor very similar to regular sugar. The FDA says these sweeteners are “generally regarded as safe,” which means they are safe to use for their intended purpose.

Is glucose a bad ingredient? ›

Is glucose good or bad for you? Blood glucose is not only a good thing, but is also essential for maintaining enough energy to thrive and to survive. At the same time, too much of it can become toxic and cause brain fog, fatigue and eventually even serious damage to bodily organs.

Is honey healthier than sugar? ›

People often consider honey to be healthier than sugar, but it depends on the use. Like sugar, honey is high in carbs, can raise blood sugar levels, and is high in calories. Both honey and sugar add sweetness to meals and snacks. However, they have different tastes, textures, and nutritional profiles.

What can I use instead of glucose syrup? ›

To replace glucose syrup, we recommend using other naturally occurring syrups, like honey, maple syrup, and agave syrups. The textures and flavor profiles will give you a similar texture and mouthfeel to your final results.

Why did Europe ban high fructose corn syrup? ›

The production quota for high fructose corn syrup is intended to ensure fair agricultural/economic development across all territories in the EU and is not related to the health concerns many public health authorities have regarding the proliferation of high fructose corn syrup in the food supply.

Why is glucose syrup in beer? ›

These syrups are derived mainly from corn and wheat, whose starches are converted to a range of carbohydrates, some with high glucose contents. These syrups are used to supplement fermentable sugars derived from malt.

Why is HFCS worse than sugar? ›

There is currently no evidence to suggest that HFCS is any worse than sugar. Both high fructose corn syrup and sugar are essentially the same; the difference between them is too small to matter in moderate consumption, and in excess both are harmful to health.

Why is high fructose corn syrup bad for you vs sugar? ›

HFCS is just as bad as regular table sugar in terms of health risks, including weight gain, type 2 diabetes, and tooth decay. Still, manufacturers use HFCS as a cheap alternative in many processed foods and drinks. You do not need to cut out baked goods, candy, and soda from your diet, but try limiting your intake.

Is glucose fructose syrup same as sugar? ›

While table sugar has a fixed proportion of 50% glucose and 50% fructose, the percentage of these molecules in syrups may vary. If a syrup contains more than 50% of fructose, it is called “fructose-glucose syrup” on the packaging. If there is less than 50% fructose in it, it is called “glucose-fructose syrup”.

Is glucose syrup fructose friendly? ›

Made up exclusively of glucose, these sugars are permitted if you suffer from fructose malabsorption or fructose intolerance. In addition, glucose syrup has a "softer" sweetness and tastes better than pure glucose.

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